Statistics of Water-group Band Ion Cyclotron Waves in Saturn's Inner Magnetosphere Based on 13 yr of Cassini Measurements

Abstract Based on Cassini observations from 2004 to 2016, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the statistical distribution occurrence rate, averaged amplitude, wave normal angle (WNA), ellipticity, and power spectral intensity ion cyclotron waves in Saturn's inner magnetosphere. Our results show that mainly occur between orbits Enceladus Dione near equatorial region (? ? ? < 20°), with higher rates northern hemisphere than southern hemisphere. The amplitudes vary 0.1 2 nT strong day–night asymmetry pronounced minimum at equator. Saturnian are predominantly left-handed polarized small WNAs equator become linearly larger latitudes. major occurs frequently frequencies 0.5–1.2 f w + , where is gyrofrequency H O + ions, strongest (>?10 Hz ?1 ) L ? 6.5 statistically present midnight sector.